Answer for Short Quiz 1

a. Conglomerate (1)

b. Formation

-- sediments brought by weathering and erosion

-- transported by river, ice and wind

-- are deposited on the sea bed

-- due to compression, water and air are squeezed out

-- sediments are then hardened/compaction

-- rounded pebbles and groundmass which contains sand and clay particles

-- are glued together/cementation

-- the formation of conglomerate is an example of immature sedimentation (any 7)

c. waterfall (1)

d. annotated diagram to show the formation of waterfall

-- horizontal layer of resistant rock over a layer of less resistant rock

-- more erosion on less resistant rock/ more resistant rock has less erosion

-- this is called differential erosion

-- erosion takes place in the form of hydraulic action

-- and abrasion

-- soon, a vertical displacement of rock results

-- forming a vertical descent of water, i.e. waterfall

-- the downcutting action deepens the base of the waterfall (any 6)

-- no marks for poor drawing or absence of annotation